1) National139th Episode of 'Mann Ki Baat' Completes 12 Years: Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressed the 139th episode of his monthly radio broadcast 'Mann Ki Baat' on 25 October 2026, marking 12 years since the programme's inception on Vijayadashami (3 October 2014), and highlighted that the national telemedicine platform e-Sanjeevani has crossed nearly 50 crore teleconsultations, alongside praising Punjab's 'Nav-Trinjan' organic cotton initiative, community revival of Uttarakhand's Heval River, and tributes to Maharishi Valmiki and Bhai Parmanand.India Achieves 11 Crore Farmer ID Target Ahead of Schedule: The Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare achieved its target of generating 11 crore Farmer IDs (Kisan Pehchaan Patra) under the Agri-Stack component of the Digital Agriculture Mission—five months ahead of the 31 March 2027 deadline.12th BRICS Parliamentary Forum Opens in New Delhi: Hosted by the Parliament of India and chaired by Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla, the 12th BRICS Parliamentary Forum is being held at the Central Hall of Samvidhan Sadan, New Delhi on 26–27 October 2026, with parliamentary delegations from BRICS nations as well as Cuba, Egypt, and Belarus participating.Vice-President Attends Ruby Jubilee of Dr. NTR University of Health Sciences: Vice-President C. P. Radhakrishnan is visiting Andhra Pradesh on 26–27 October 2026 as the Chief Guest at the 40th (Ruby Jubilee) Anniversary Celebrations of Dr. NTR University of Health Sciences in Vijayawada.Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh Gets One-Year Extension: The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) approved a one-year extension in service for 40th Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh (a 1989-batch Kerala-cadre IAS officer who assumed charge in November 2024) until 31 October 2027.Dr. Sajjan Singh Yadav Appointed Chief Secretary of Jammu & Kashmir: The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) appointed 1995-batch AGMUT-cadre IAS officer Dr. Sajjan Singh Yadav as the new Chief Secretary of Jammu and Kashmir, effective 1 November 2026, succeeding Atal Dulloo upon his superannuation on 31 October 2026.VB-G RAM G Progress Reviewed: The Viksit Bharat – Guarantee for Rozgar and Ajeevika Mission (Gramin) [VB-G RAM G] (implemented from 1 July 2026 under the VB-G RAM G Act, 2025 with an interim FY 2026–27 allocation of Rs 93,841 crore and daily wages of Rs 300 to Rs 450) recorded 10.88 crore active workers, 15.17 crore Gramin Rozgar Guarantee Cards, 61.65% women's participation, and 31.69+ crore person-days generated through Viksit Gram Panchayat Plans (VGPPs).World's First Integrated AATAL Facility Inaugurated in Delhi: Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh inaugurated the Integrated Atmospheric Chemistry and Aerosol Toxicity Analysis Laboratory (AATAL)—set up at a cost of Rs 80 crore under Mission Mausam (Ministry of Earth Sciences) at the Delhi branch of the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) in collaboration with IIT Madras—to monitor real-time air-pollution toxicity across Delhi-NCR.NCERT Releases 20-Hour AI & Computational Thinking Module: Aligned with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) released a 20-hour activity-based module on Computational Thinking and Artificial Intelligence for Classes 9 to 12, developed jointly with faculty from IIT Madras and IIT Jodhpur.Centre Approves Rail Connectivity for 9 Seaports in Andhra Pradesh: Following discussions between Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw and Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister N. Chandrababu Naidu, the Central Government approved railway connectivity for nine seaports in Andhra Pradesh, backed the state's semiconductor manufacturing hub, and cleared a Vande Bharat Sleeper Train between Visakhapatnam and Bengaluru via Tirupati.Two New Rail Sections Inaugurated in Madhya Pradesh: The Satna–Devendra Nagar (53 km) and Rewa–Churhat (65 km) rail sections under the Lalitpur–Singrauli new rail line project were inaugurated in Madhya Pradesh, strengthening rail connectivity across the Vindhya and Bundelkhand regions.Indian Army to Train 600 Civil Defence Master Trainers: Under the nationwide Civil Defence Network initiative, the Indian Army will train 600 Civil Defence Master Trainers (50 each from 12 States and Union Territories) in disaster response and emergency preparedness by the second week of November 2026.FSSAI Revised Licensing Turnover Thresholds in News: Under the Food Safety and Standards (Licensing and Registration of Food Businesses) Amendment Regulations, 2026, the revised annual turnover thresholds on the Food Safety Compliance System (FoSCoS) portal stand at up to Rs 1.5 crore for basic Registration, above Rs 1.5 crore up to Rs 50 crore for a State Licence, and above Rs 50 crore for a Central Licence.2) InternationalCommerce Minister Piyush Goyal Visits the Netherlands: Union Minister of Commerce and Industry Piyush Goyal commenced an official visit to the Netherlands on 25 October 2026 to strengthen bilateral trade and logistics ties in the context of the India–European Union Free Trade Agreement (FTA), touring Europe's largest seaport, the Port of Rotterdam, alongside its CEO Boudewijn Siemons and interacting with the Indian diaspora in Amsterdam.61st CIML Meeting Opens in New Delhi: Hosted for the first time by India (Department of Consumer Affairs) in collaboration with the International Organization of Legal Metrology (OIML, established 1955), the 61st Meeting of the International Committee of Legal Metrology (CIML) commences in New Delhi from 26 to 28 October 2026.33rd SIMBEX-2026 Sea Phase Concludes in Bay of Bengal: The Sea Phase (24–26 October 2026) of the 33rd Singapore–India Maritime Bilateral Exercise (SIMBEX-2026) concludes today in the Bay of Bengal off Visakhapatnam, featuring Indian Navy ships INS Nilgiri and INS Kamorta alongside the Republic of Singapore Navy's Formidable-class stealth frigate RSS Supreme.Russian Pacific Fleet Naval Detachment Visits Kochi: A naval detachment of the Russian Navy's Pacific Fleet—comprising the frigate Marshal Shaposhnikov, large anti-submarine ship Admiral Tributs, and fleet tanker Pechenga—conducted an official port call at Kochi, Kerala, to bolster bilateral maritime interoperability with the Indian Navy's Southern Naval Command.3) EconomyKPMG Report Estimates India's Sports Economy at Rs 1.99 Lakh Crore: According to a new report titled 'Strengthening India's Sports Ecosystem: Status Assessment and Strategic Improvement Plan' released by KPMG India, India's sports economy is valued at Rs 1.99 lakh crore (USD 21 billion) in FY26 and is growing at 12–14% annually, with sports sponsorship and marketing crossing USD 1.95 billion (Rs 18,525 crore).BIMCGL Launched at Bodh Gaya with Rs 4,092 Crore MoUs: Bihar Chief Minister Samrat Choudhary launched Bihar Integrated Manufacturing City Gaya Limited (BIMCGL) at Bodh Gaya to develop a 1,670-acre Integrated Manufacturing Cluster at Dobhi block in Gaya district under the Amritsar–Kolkata Industrial Corridor (AKIC), signing 12 industrial MoUs worth Rs 4,092 crore.Kotak Mahindra Bank Q2 FY27 Net Profit Rises 29%: Private sector lender Kotak Mahindra Bank reported a 29% year-on-year jump in standalone net profit to Rs 4,212 crore (and a 26% rise in consolidated net profit to Rs 5,645 crore) for the July–September quarter (Q2 FY27), with Net Interest Income (NII) growing 16% to Rs 8,459 crore.IDFC First Bank Tops Bihar 100-Point Bank Ranking Index: In the Bihar Government's 100-point Bank Ranking Index evaluating credit-deposit ratio, priority sector lending, and government scheme execution, IDFC First Bank secured the 1st rank with 74 points, while the State Bank of India (SBI) scored 32 points.4) Date’s Importance (26 October)Jammu and Kashmir Accession Day (26 October): Observed annually as an official public holiday in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir on 26 October to commemorate 26 October 1947, when Maharaja Hari Singh signed the historic Instrument of Accession in Jammu (formally accepted by Governor-General Lord Mountbatten on 27 October 1947), legally integrating the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir into the Dominion of India following the Pakistan-backed tribal invasion.Vigilance Awareness Week 2026 Begins (26 October – 1 November 2026): Organised annually by the Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) (established in February 1964 on the recommendations of the K. Santhanam Committee and granted statutory status via the CVC Act, 2003) during the week in which the birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel (31 October) falls, commencing today with the administration of the Integrity Pledge across public sector institutions.Maharishi Valmiki Jayanti / Pargat Diwas (26 October 2026): Celebrated across India on Ashwin Purnima (26 October 2026) to mark the birth anniversary of Maharishi Valmiki, revered as the 'Adi Kavi' (First Poet of Sanskrit Literature) and author of the epic Valmiki Ramayana (comprising 24,000 shlokas across 7 Kandas).Intersex Awareness Day (26 October): Observed internationally on 26 October (since 1996) to highlight the human rights and bodily autonomy of intersex persons around the world.Key Historical Milestones on 26 October: The First Continental Congress adjourned in Philadelphia on 26 October 1774; the Football Association (FA) was founded in London on 26 October 1863, codifying the modern rules of football; Norway gained full independence following the dissolution of its union with Sweden on 26 October 1905; Austria enacted its constitutional declaration of Permanent Neutrality on 26 October 1955 (Austrian National Day); President Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan proclaimed India's first National Emergency under Article 352 on 26 October 1962 during the 1962 Sino-Indian War; the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed the last naturally occurring case of Smallpox (contracted by Ali Maow Maalin in Mercia, Somalia) on 26 October 1977; birth anniversary of freedom fighter and Pratap newspaper founder Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi (26 October 1890), spiritual author Eknath Easwaran (1910), former UP Chief Minister Ram Prakash Gupta (1923), and music composer Hridaynath Mangeshkar (1937); death anniversary of Hindustani classical vocalist Pandit D. V. Paluskar (1955), Jnanpith Award-winning Kannada poet Dattatreya Ramachandra (D. R.) Bendre (1981), and Kakori revolutionary Manmath Nath Gupta (2000).5) Person of the DayProf. Ashoke Sen (First Indian Physicist to Win the Oskar Klein Medal 2026): Eminent 70-year-old Indian theoretical physicist (born on 15 July 1956 in Kolkata, West Bengal), currently serving as the ICTS–Infosys Madhava Chair Professor at the International Centre for Theoretical Sciences (ICTS–TIFR), Bengaluru, who has been conferred the 2026 Oskar Klein Medal, becoming the first Indian physicist in history to receive this prestigious international honour.About the Oskar Klein Medal: Instituted in 1988 in memory of Swedish theoretical physicist Oskar Klein (co-developer of the Kaluza–Klein theory), the medal is awarded jointly every year by Stockholm University and the Nobel Committee for Physics of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; Prof. Sen delivered the 2026 Oskar Klein Memorial Lecture titled "Gravity from strings and strings from gravity" at the AlbaNova University Centre in Stockholm, Sweden.Pioneering Scientific Contributions: Globally acclaimed as one of the foremost architects of modern String Theory, his landmark contributions include proving Strong-Weak Coupling Duality (S-Duality), formulating the Sen Conjecture on open-string tachyon condensation around unstable D-branes, developing the Quantum Entropy Function for exact microscopic counting of extremal black hole entropy, and advancing String Field Theory.Academic Lineage and Major Honours: An alumnus of Presidency College, Kolkata (B.Sc., 1975), IIT Kanpur (M.Sc., 1978), and Stony Brook University, USA (Ph.D., 1982) (and former professor at TIFR Mumbai and the Harish-Chandra Research Institute, Prayagraj), he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1998 and won the ICTP Prize (1989), Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize (1994), Padma Shri (2001), the inaugural USD 3 million Fundamental Physics Breakthrough Prize (2012), Padma Bhushan (2013), and the ICTP Dirac Medal (2014).6) SportsP. V. Sindhu Finishes Runner-Up at French Open 2026: Two-time Olympic medallist P. V. Sindhu won the Silver Medal (Runner-up) in Women's Singles at the BWF Super 750 French Open 2026 on 25 October 2026—recording her career-best finish at the French Open after defeating Japan's Hina Akechi (21-10, 20-22, 21-16) in the semi-finals—before going down fighting 21-16, 11-21, 12-21 to South Korea's World No. 1 An Se-young in the final (marking An Se-young's 50th consecutive match win, 10th title of 2026, and 4th French Open crown).Harmeet Desai & Yashaswini Ghorpade End 72-Year Wait in Asian TT: The Indian table tennis pair of Harmeet Desai and Yashaswini Ghorpade won the Bronze Medal in Mixed Doubles at the Asian Table Tennis Championships, clinching India's first-ever Mixed Doubles medal at the continental championship in 72 years.India Beats Cameroon at Inaugural FIFA U-15 World Cup & Festival: The Indian Under-15 Men's Football Team defeated Cameroon 2–1 at the Hovsan Competition Complex in Baku, Azerbaijan, registering two consecutive wins in Group K at the inaugural FIFA U-15 World Cup & Festival 2026.Commonwealth Kabaddi Championship 2026: Both the Indian Men's and Women's Kabaddi Teams registered dominant opening victories at the Commonwealth Kabaddi Championship 2026.Kieron Pollard Appointed Mumbai Indians Head Coach for IPL 2027: Former West Indies captain Kieron Pollard was appointed Head Coach (alongside Steffan Jones as Bowling Consultant) of five-time IPL champions Mumbai Indians from the 2027 Indian Premier League (IPL) season.7) AwardsUsha Mangeshkar Selected for 1st National Dr. Bhupen Hazarika Award: The Assam Cabinet instituted a new national Dr. Bhupen Hazarika Award for lifetime contributions to music and culture, naming veteran playback singer Usha Mangeshkar as its first recipient (to be conferred by Prime Minister Narendra Modi at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi on 29 November 2026 at the closing ceremony of Bharat Ratna Dr. Bhupen Hazarika's birth centenary celebrations).Prof. Ashoke Sen Honoured with 2026 Oskar Klein Medal: String theorist Prof. Ashoke Sen received the 2026 Oskar Klein Medal in Stockholm, Sweden, joining past laureates such as Stephen Hawking, Peter Higgs, Chen-Ning Yang, and Steven Weinberg.Mirabai Chanu & B. K. Singh Recognised in October 2026 Honours: Tokyo Olympic Silver medallist weightlifter Saikhom Mirabai Chanu was honoured as Sports Person of the Year at the Power Creator Awards 2026 in Mumbai, while retired Karnataka-cadre IFS officer B. K. Singh received the Lifetime Achievement Award at the 4th Eco Warrior Awards 2026 (MoEFCC).Tom Cruise to Receive AFI Life Achievement Award: Hollywood actor Tom Cruise was announced as the recipient of the American Film Institute (AFI) Life Achievement Award.8) Other Important SignificanceCyclonic Storm 'Arnab' Forms Over Bay of Bengal: The India Meteorological Department (IMD) issued alerts as the deep depression over the Bay of Bengal intensifies into Cyclonic Storm 'Arnab' on 26 October 2026—making it India's first cyclone of 2026—with the name 'Arnab' (meaning 'Ocean' or 'Sea' in Bengali) proposed by Bangladesh under the 13-nation WMO/ESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclones list (169 names); it is forecast to cross the Andhra Pradesh and adjoining South Odisha coasts (between Bapatla and Visakhapatnam) as a Very Severe Cyclonic Storm (115–125 kmph winds gusting to 140 kmph) on 28 October 2026.DRDO's Indigenous Submarine AIP Module Begins Phase-2 Trials: The indigenous Air Independent Propulsion (AIP) Energy Module, developed by DRDO's Naval Materials Research Laboratory (NMRL), Ambernath to multiply the submerged endurance of Indian Navy diesel-electric submarines, commenced its 'Setting to Work Phase-2' integration at Larsen & Toubro's (L&T) Hazira complex in Gujarat.Indian Navy's 5th 'Swavlamban 2026' Seminar Opens in New Delhi: The Indian Navy's Naval Innovation and Indigenisation Organisation (NIIO) is hosting the 5th edition of its flagship naval innovation and self-reliance seminar 'Swavlamban 2026' in New Delhi on 26–27 October 2026.ISRO Confirms Chandrayaan-4 Timeline for 2028: Department of Space Secretary and ISRO Chairman Dr. V. Narayanan clarified that ISRO will not be privatised while encouraging private space participation under the Indian Space Policy 2023, and reaffirmed that the lunar sample-return mission Chandrayaan-4 is scheduled for launch in 2028.Telangana Announces Aerospace and Defence Policy 2.0: At the curtain-raiser of Raksha Expo 2026 in Hyderabad, Telangana Chief Minister A. Revanth Reddy announced that the state will unveil Aerospace and Defence Policy 2.0 during the Invest Telangana Global Summit at Bharat Future City on 7–9 December 2026 to make Telangana India's aerospace and defence hub by 2030.

The article covers National Affairs, International Affairs, Economy and Finance, Banking, Sports, Government Schemes, Appointments, Awards, Science and Technology, Important Days, Reports, Rankings and other examination-relevant developments from October 18 to October 24, 2026.1. National Current AffairsGovernment Policies, Governance and Important DecisionsIndia–New Zealand Free Trade Agreement (FTA): The India–New Zealand Free Trade Agreement came into force on 20 October 2026. The agreement is important for bilateral trade, market access, investment and economic cooperation between the two countries.Financial Inclusion Saturation Campaign: The Department of Financial Services launched a nationwide financial inclusion campaign running from 21 October to 31 December 2026. It covers approximately 2.70 lakh Gram Panchayats and urban local bodies. The campaign focuses on banking access, insurance, pension enrolment, re-KYC, nominations and awareness of unclaimed financial assets.National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP): The Union Cabinet approved the continuation of the programme for five years, from 2026–27 to 2030–31, with a total outlay of ₹53,428 crore. The programme provides social assistance to eligible vulnerable groups, including elderly people, widows and persons with disabilities.Productivity-Linked Bonus for Railway Employees: The Union Cabinet approved a 78-day Productivity-Linked Bonus worth approximately ₹2,009.61 crore for eligible railway employees for the financial year 2025–26. The benefit covers approximately 11.41 lakh employees.Panchayat Devolution Index 2026: The Ministry of Panchayati Raj released the index assessing the empowerment and functioning of Panchayati Raj Institutions. Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu were among the leading states highlighted in the report.India's healthcare achievement: India received recognition for eliminating trachoma as a public health problem. Trachoma is an infectious eye disease that can cause blindness if left untreated. The achievement represents progress in public health, sanitation and disease-control measures.Supreme Court ruling on reservation: A significant Supreme Court ruling addressed whether individuals who convert from Hinduism to Islam or another non-Hindu religion can claim reservation benefits on the basis of their previous caste status. The decision is relevant to constitutional provisions, social justice and reservation policies.Supreme Court and internet access: A report on judicial developments highlighted the issue of internet access as a fundamental-rights concern and the question of blanket restrictions on children's internet use. The subject is relevant to digital rights, freedom of expression and child protection.Ladakh High Court bench: A permanent bench of the High Court of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh was inaugurated in Leh. The development is important for judicial access and the administration of justice in the Union Territory of Ladakh.Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Councils: Amendments to the rules governing the hill councils were reported, including changes to their elected membership structure. The development is relevant to local governance and the administrative framework of Ladakh.National broadband connectivity: Recommendations concerning the proposed National Broadband Mission 2.0 highlighted the expansion of high-speed broadband connectivity to Gram Panchayats and rural areas.National Consumer Helpline: Artificial intelligence-assisted, multilingual grievance filing and resolution services are being developed to improve access to consumer grievance redressal. The initiative is relevant to consumer protection and digital public services.India's digital data protection framework: Operational measures concerning grievance redressal under the Digital Personal Data Protection framework were reported. The issue is important for understanding personal data protection, digital privacy and regulatory oversight.Central Armed Police Forces: Changes to the administrative and legal framework governing the Central Armed Police Forces were reported during October. Candidates should distinguish the specific provisions of any new legislation from existing service rules when revising this topic.Important State-Level DevelopmentsAndhra Pradesh — Polavaram Project: The Andhra Pradesh Cabinet approved a revised cost estimate of approximately ₹1,05,472 crore for the Polavaram Multipurpose Irrigation Project and sought central assistance of around ₹58,000 crore. The project is important for irrigation, water management and regional development.Andhra Pradesh — CII Partnership Summit 2026: The summit in Visakhapatnam concluded with reported investment proposals worth approximately ₹3.82 lakh crore, spread across more than 340 memoranda of understanding.Andhra Pradesh — Green Hydrogen Hub: NTPC Green Energy and the Andhra Pradesh government signed an agreement concerning a proposed integrated green hydrogen and green ammonia project at Pudimadaka, near Visakhapatnam, with an announced investment of approximately ₹65,000 crore.Andhra Pradesh — Deepam 2.0: Operational guidelines were issued for the state's Deepam 2.0 scheme, which provides eligible families with three free LPG cylinders annually.Andhra Pradesh — Semiconductor Manufacturing: A proposed ₹3,400-crore Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Test (OSAT) facility received administrative approval for the Kopparthy Electronics Manufacturing Cluster in Kadapa district.Andhra Pradesh — National Waterway-4: A project worth approximately ₹1,200 crore was approved for modernising an 82-kilometre stretch between Muktyala and Vijayawada along the Krishna River.Andhra Pradesh — Orvakal Industrial Hub: An infrastructure development package worth approximately ₹2,800 crore was reported for the Orvakal industrial node in Kurnool district.Tamil Nadu — Semiconductor Ecosystem: The state announced a dedicated semiconductor ecosystem initiative to attract investments and strengthen electronics manufacturing.Kerala — Traditional Rice Conservation: Cheruvayal Raman, widely recognised for preserving indigenous rice varieties, passed away in October 2026. His work is associated with traditional agricultural knowledge and the conservation of native rice germplasm.Infrastructure and TransportationNational Waterway-4: The Krishna River development project aims to improve inland water transport and riverine infrastructure between Muktyala and Vijayawada.Hydrogen-powered inland vessel: An indigenous hydrogen fuel-cell passenger catamaran began operational demonstration voyages on National Waterway-1, which follows the Ganga River. The initiative represents progress in clean inland water transport.Barrierless tolling: A satellite-based Multi-Lane Free Flow tolling initiative was reported for the Delhi–Gurugram Expressway. The system aims to reduce congestion by enabling toll collection without conventional barriers.Integrated Transport and Logistics: Government planning initiatives continued to focus on integrated transport infrastructure, logistics efficiency and coordinated development of roads, railways, ports and inland waterways.Green hydrogen infrastructure: The Pudimadaka project is relevant to India's clean-energy transition, industrial decarbonisation and the development of hydrogen-based fuels.Critical minerals: The Ministry of Mines announced a new auction tranche involving 21 critical and strategic mineral blocks across five states. Such minerals are important for batteries, renewable energy, electronics and advanced manufacturing.Agriculture and Rural DevelopmentMinimum Support Price for Rabi Crops: The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs approved increases in the Minimum Support Prices for six Rabi crops for the 2027–28 marketing season. MSP is the government-announced price intended to provide a benchmark for procurement and agricultural price support.Financial inclusion in rural areas: The nationwide campaign running until 31 December 2026 includes banking services, insurance, pension schemes and support for eligible farmers seeking Kisan Credit Card facilities.Agricultural research: Developments in biofortified crops and agricultural research highlighted the continuing role of scientific innovation in improving crop quality and productivity.Kufri Jamunia: The biofortified purple potato variety associated with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Central Potato Research Institute was highlighted in agricultural current affairs. The topic is relevant to crop research and nutritional improvement.Sugarcane and ethanol: Government policy developments concerning sugar diversion for ethanol production and the ethanol-blending programme remained relevant to agricultural economics, fuel security and the sugar industry.Environment, Wildlife and ClimateRamsar wetlands: Reports during the period highlighted changes to India's list of Ramsar sites. Aspirants should revise the names, locations and official designation dates of newly designated wetlands separately, because wetland totals can change during the year.Green Diwali campaign: An environmental campaign running from 20 October to 8 November 2026 emphasised cleaner celebrations and environmentally responsible practices.Flash Flood Guidance System: The National Disaster Management Authority, in coordination with relevant technical agencies, reported an upgraded flash-flood forecasting system for vulnerable Himalayan river basins. The initiative is intended to strengthen early warning and disaster preparedness.Biodiversity conservation: Andhra Pradesh announced a State Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan for 2026–2035, establishing a long-term framework for biodiversity conservation.Tiger conservation: Nameri Tiger Reserve in Assam was highlighted in connection with international conservation standards for protected areas and tiger management.Hydrofluorocarbons: The Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol remained an important environmental topic. It seeks to phase down hydrofluorocarbons, which are powerful greenhouse gases used in refrigeration and air-conditioning.Sustainable energy: Green hydrogen, renewable electricity and energy-efficient infrastructure featured prominently in government and industrial developments during the week.Defence and National SecurityIndia–Singapore SIMBEX 2026: The Indian Navy and the Republic of Singapore Navy commenced the 31st edition of the Singapore–India Maritime Bilateral Exercise (SIMBEX) at Visakhapatnam.DRDO's Solid Fuel Ducted Ramjet technology: The Defence Research and Development Organisation reported a successful validation trial of its indigenous Solid Fuel Ducted Ramjet (SFDR) propulsion technology at Chandipur, Odisha. The technology is associated with the development of long-range air-to-air missile systems.India–Australia military exercise: The fifth edition of AUSTRAHIND 2026 featured in defence current affairs. The exercise is part of bilateral military cooperation between India and Australia.India–France air exercise: The eighth edition of Exercise Garuda involved the Indian Air Force and the French Air and Space Force. The exercise is important for bilateral defence cooperation and air-combat training.Dhanush artillery system: The indigenous Dhanush 155 mm artillery gun continued to feature in reports concerning the modernisation of India's land-based defence capabilities.National Strategic Trade Command Centre: A dedicated centre was reported at Vanijya Bhawan in New Delhi to strengthen coordination in strategic trade and export-control matters.Defence manufacturing: Indigenous defence systems, missile propulsion technologies, unmanned platforms and advanced communications remained important themes in India's defence modernisation.2. International Current AffairsInternational Relations and AgreementsIndia–New Zealand Free Trade Agreement: The agreement entered into force on 20 October 2026, marking an important development in bilateral economic relations.India–UAE relations: India's External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar met UAE Foreign Minister Sheikh Abdullah bin Zayed during a meeting in Mumbai. The discussions were relevant to bilateral relations and economic cooperation.India–Central Asia cooperation: The second India–Central Asia National Security Advisers' Dialogue was held in New Delhi. Discussions included regional security and connectivity initiatives such as the Chabahar Port and the International North–South Transport Corridor (INSTC).India–Saudi Arabia energy cooperation: Electrical interconnection and energy cooperation featured in bilateral developments, highlighting the growing importance of regional energy connectivity.India–Maldives financial cooperation: The continuation of a currency swap arrangement worth approximately ₹3,000 crore was reported as a measure supporting the Maldives' financial stability and liquidity needs.India–Costa Rica diplomatic relations: India's resident diplomatic mission in San José, the capital of Costa Rica, became operational during October. The development strengthens India's diplomatic presence in Central America.India–Myanmar cooperation: Bilateral agreements concerning Quick Impact Projects under the Mekong–Ganga Cooperation framework were reported for the 2026–27 financial year.India–United Kingdom science cooperation: The eighth India–UK Science and Innovation Council meeting focused on cooperation in science, research and innovation.International Organisations and SummitsInternational Monetary Fund: The IMF's October 2026 World Economic Outlook carried the title “Resilience Under Strain, Urgent Choices.” The report examined the global economic outlook amid geopolitical tensions and other economic challenges.IMF and World Bank meetings: International financial discussions took place in Bangkok, Thailand, with attention to global growth, trade, financial stability and development financing.World Trade Organization: The WTO's revised outlook on merchandise trade highlighted the importance of global supply chains, trade policy and international economic cooperation.United Nations: 24 October is United Nations Day, commemorating the entry into force of the UN Charter in 1945.World Health Organization: The WHO's recognition of India's elimination of trachoma as a public health problem was a significant international public-health development.World Wide Fund for Nature: The Living Planet Report 2026, titled The Science of Hope, was highlighted in environmental current affairs. The report concerns biodiversity and the condition of the natural world.Global Hunger Index: The 2026 edition of the Global Hunger Index featured in international development discussions. For examinations, revise the report's publisher, methodology and country rankings from the final published edition rather than relying on provisional summaries.International Security and GeopoliticsWest Asia: Regional security developments and geopolitical tensions remained important for energy markets, shipping routes and global inflation.Ukraine conflict: The continuing conflict and its effects on energy infrastructure, trade and regional security remained relevant international-affairs topics.China: Developments involving China's political leadership and regional strategy were relevant to international relations and Asian geopolitics.Global supply chains: Geopolitical tensions and disruptions to supply chains remained significant concerns for international trade and inflation.Critical minerals: Global competition for minerals used in clean energy, semiconductors and advanced technology continued to influence international economic policy.Examination focus: Learn the headquarters of the IMF, World Bank, WTO and WHO, along with the locations of major international meetings and the objectives of key international agreements.3. Economy and FinanceIndian EconomyIndex of Core Industries: India's Index of Core Industries grew by 7.9% year-on-year in September 2026, compared with 5.9% in August 2026, according to the provisional September figures reported during the week.Foreign exchange reserves: India's foreign exchange reserves fell by approximately US5.011billiontoUS721.016 billion in the week ended 16 October 2026. Foreign currency assets, the largest component, declined to approximately US$591.847 billion.Indian rupee: Currency-market movements remained important because of changes in global energy prices, capital flows and international demand for the US dollar.Crude oil imports: India's crude oil import bill rose significantly during the first half of the 2026–27 financial year, reflecting the effects of global oil prices and import requirements.Inflation: Developments in food, fuel and core prices remained important for the inflation outlook. Wholesale Price Index and Consumer Price Index figures should be studied separately because they measure different price baskets.Foreign direct investment: Net FDI flows were reported to have remained positive for a third consecutive month, highlighting the importance of investment inflows and outflows in assessing India's external-sector position.Merchandise exports: Stronger export performance during the first half of the financial year was highlighted as a factor supporting India's external trade position.Financial inclusion: The nationwide saturation campaign is intended to improve access to banking, insurance, pension and credit facilities.Government Economic InitiativesResearch, Development and Innovation Fund: The government continued implementing its ₹1 lakh crore RDI funding initiative to support research, development and innovation.Financial support for technology companies: Funding agreements involving technology firms and the Technology Development Board highlighted support for innovation in areas such as artificial intelligence, drones, medical technology and quantum technology.Critical minerals: Auctions of strategic mineral blocks are intended to improve domestic access to raw materials needed for advanced manufacturing and clean-energy industries.Green hydrogen: Large industrial investments in green hydrogen and green ammonia highlighted India's efforts to develop alternative fuels and reduce industrial carbon emissions.Data centres: Investment proposals for green data-centre infrastructure reflected growing demand for digital services, cloud computing and artificial intelligence.Semiconductor manufacturing: The proposed OSAT facility in Andhra Pradesh is relevant to the expansion of India's semiconductor assembly, testing and packaging capabilities.International TradeIndia–New Zealand FTA: The agreement became operational on 20 October 2026. It is relevant to export opportunities, market access and bilateral trade relations.Trade and Development Report 2026: The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development released its report titled “The Geoeconomics of Development.”World merchandise trade: The WTO revised its outlook for global merchandise trade growth in 2026, highlighting the continuing importance of international trade flows.Strategic trade: The establishment of a National Strategic Trade Command Centre was reported as a step towards strengthening coordination in sensitive and strategic trade activities.Free Trade Agreement Utilisation Cell: The government established a dedicated mechanism to help Indian businesses understand and make better use of the benefits available under India's free trade agreements.4. Banking and Financial AwarenessThis section is particularly important for IBPS PO, IBPS Clerk, SBI PO, SBI Clerk, IBPS RRB and RBI examinations.RBI and Banking RegulationUrban Co-operative Banks: The Reserve Bank of India issued directions concerning cyber resilience and information-technology governance for Urban Co-operative Banks. The objective is to improve digital security and risk management.Unified Lending Interface: The Unified Lending Interface (ULI) featured in reports concerning the expansion of digital credit delivery. The initiative aims to simplify access to credit by enabling more efficient use of digital information and data-sharing arrangements.Foreign exchange derivatives: RBI regulatory measures concerning forex derivatives remained important for maintaining orderly currency markets and addressing excessive speculative activity.Cross-border payment aggregators: Regulatory authorisations were reported for payment aggregators handling cross-border transactions. Such services are relevant to digital payments, international trade and remittances.RBI Bulletin — October 2026: The monthly bulletin discussed the state of the economy, monetary-policy transmission, lending rates and the performance of the non-banking financial company sector.Weighted Average Lending Rate: The RBI's analysis of the Weighted Average Lending Rate examined the influence of changes in interest rates and changes in the composition of lending.Banking and Financial DevelopmentsHDFC Bank: Reports concerning the bank's senior management and quarterly financial performance featured in banking current affairs. Candidates should verify the final effective date of any management transition before recording it as a confirmed appointment.Indian branches of Emirates NBD: RBI approval concerning the amalgamation of the Indian branches of Emirates NBD was reported as a banking-sector development.REC–PFC merger: Regulatory developments concerning the proposed merger of REC Limited and Power Finance Corporation remained relevant to public-sector financial institutions.Sovereign Gold Bonds: The RBI announced an early-redemption price of ₹14,614 per unit for the Sovereign Gold Bond 2020–21 Series VII. Sovereign Gold Bonds are government securities whose value is linked to the price of gold.Microfinance sector: Industry data indicated that the microfinance portfolio had declined by approximately 7.6% to ₹3.26 trillion. The trend is relevant to credit availability, borrower repayment and the financial health of microfinance institutions.Banking-sector asset quality: Quarterly financial results from major banks highlighted changes in non-performing assets and the quality of loan portfolios.Financial inclusion campaign: Banks are participating in a campaign running from 21 October to 31 December 2026, with activities involving PMJDY, PMJJBY, PMSBY, APY, re-KYC, nominations and Kisan Credit Card applications.Important Banking Schemes to RevisePradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY): Financial inclusion through access to basic banking services.Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY): Life insurance scheme.Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY): Accident insurance scheme.Atal Pension Yojana (APY): Pension scheme primarily intended to extend pension coverage to eligible subscribers.Kisan Credit Card (KCC): Credit facility designed to meet eligible farmers' agricultural and related credit requirements.Sovereign Gold Bonds (SGBs): Government securities linked to gold prices.Unified Lending Interface (ULI): Digital infrastructure intended to facilitate frictionless credit delivery.Urban Co-operative Banks (UCBs): Cooperative banking institutions regulated under the applicable banking framework.Banking examination tip: Memorise the full forms of the schemes, the institutions responsible for them, their purposes and any numerical figures announced during the week.5. Sports Current AffairsAsian Para Games 2026The 2026 Asian Para Games, held in Aichi–Nagoya, Japan, were among the most important sporting events during this week.India's final medal tally: India finished fourth with a record 114 medals.Gold medals: 30.Silver medals: 35.Bronze medals: 49.Previous record: India's previous best was 108 medals at the 2022 Asian Para Games, held in Hangzhou, China, in 2023.Overall leader: China topped the medal table, followed by Japan and Uzbekistan.Next edition: The next Asian Para Games are scheduled to take place in Doha, Qatar, in 2030.India's strongest discipline: Para athletics was India's largest medal contributor, with 65 medals.Important Indian Medal WinnersMona Agarwal: Won gold in para shooting and set a world record during the Games. She was among India's most prominent performers.Sandeep Kumar: Won gold in para shooting and set a world record.Harvinder Singh and Vijay Sundi: Won gold medals in para archery.Nishad Kumar: Featured among India's leading gold medallists and served as a flagbearer at the closing ceremony.Deepthi Jeevanji: Defended her women's 400-metre T20 title, setting a Games record.Sachin Khilari: Retained his gold medal in the men's shot put F46 event.Praveen Kumar: Defended his men's high jump T64 gold medal and broke his own Games record.Nitesh Kumar and Thulasimathi Murugesan: Won silver medals.Navdeep: Won a bronze medal.Sumit Antil: Defended his javelin gold medal with a throw of 72.46 metres.Nithya Sre Sumathy Sivan: Won a silver medal.Rakeshbhai Bhatt: Won a bronze medal.Important examination facts:Host country: Japan.Host region: Aichi–Nagoya.India's position: Fourth.India's medal tally: 114.Gold medals: 30.Silver medals: 35.Bronze medals: 49.Next host city: Doha, Qatar.CricketIndia women's cricket team: India defeated Zimbabwe by nine wickets in the second women's T20 International, taking a 2–0 lead in the series.BCCI central contracts: The BCCI announced its annual central player retainership arrangements for the 2026–27 international season, with dedicated incentives intended to promote Test cricket and fast bowling.Shafali Verma: The Indian opener was recognised as the ICC Women's Player of the Month for September 2026, according to current-affairs reports.Punam Raut: The Indian women's cricket batter announced her retirement from international cricket.Women's cricket: The continued expansion of women's cricket, international T20 competitions and player awards remained important examination topics.BadmintonDenmark Open 2026: French player Alex Lanier won the men's singles title, while South Korean player An Se-young won the women's singles title.FootballDurand Cup: Bengaluru FC defeated Mohun Bagan Super Giant 2–1 to win the 135th edition of the Durand Cup, according to reports published during the week.Other Important Sports FactsPara athletics was India's leading medal-producing discipline at the Asian Para Games.Para badminton was another major contributor to India's medal tally.The Asian Para Games are a major multi-sport event for athletes with disabilities from across Asia.Medal records, athlete names, sports disciplines and host cities are important topics for SSC, Railway and banking general-awareness examinations.6. Science and TechnologySpace TechnologyISRO's Gaganyaan mission: The Indian Space Research Organisation completed a series of tests involving the separation of the Crew Module and Service Module for the Gaganyaan human-spaceflight programme.Indian Data Relay Satellite System: ISRO completed payload integration and thermal-vacuum testing for the first dedicated Indian Data Relay Satellite System satellite, identified as IDRSS-1. Such satellites are intended to support communication between spacecraft and ground infrastructure.India's space economy: Developments during the week highlighted the potential expansion of India's space economy, including commercial launches, satellite communications and private-sector participation.Private space launches: India's private space sector continued developing launch services and international partnerships involving the Vikram family of rockets.Semiconductors and Artificial IntelligenceSemiconductor manufacturing in Andhra Pradesh: The proposed ₹3,400-crore OSAT facility at Kopparthy in Kadapa district is relevant to semiconductor packaging and testing.Quantum research: Developments involving a quantum research laboratory at the Indian Institute of Science in Bengaluru highlighted collaboration between academia and industry in quantum technology and semiconductor research.Artificial intelligence: Partnerships and funding initiatives involving AI, data-centre infrastructure and advanced computing remained important technology-sector developments.Research, Development and Innovation Fund: The ₹1 lakh crore RDI initiative continued to feature in reports concerning India's research ecosystem and the commercialisation of advanced technologies.Defence TechnologySolid Fuel Ducted Ramjet: DRDO's successful validation of SFDR propulsion technology was an important development in India's indigenous missile capabilities.Quantum Key Distribution: Testing of a quantum communication platform on a live defence-related network highlighted India's work on secure communications.Indigenous defence manufacturing: Unmanned systems, precision weapons, advanced communications and domestic defence production continued to feature prominently in current affairs.Health and Medical ResearchTrachoma elimination: India's achievement in eliminating trachoma as a public health problem was an important development in disease prevention.High-altitude health research: A specialised health research centre in Himachal Pradesh featured in reports concerning medical research in high-altitude environments.Medical technology: Support for the development of indigenous medical equipment highlighted efforts to strengthen domestic healthcare manufacturing.7. Awards and HonoursLalit Kala Akademi Awards: The President of India presented awards to selected artists associated with the 65th National Exhibition of Art. The development is important for Indian art and cultural affairs.Young Wildlife Photographer of the Year 2026: Oscar Whitfield, a 14-year-old British photographer living in Zimbabwe, received the young photographer award for a black-and-white photograph titled Labour of Love.ICC Women's Player of the Month: Indian cricketer Shafali Verma was reported as the September 2026 award winner.Asian Para Games: Several Indian athletes received recognition after winning gold, silver and bronze medals. Candidates should connect each athlete with the relevant sport and event.Sports records: Performances involving Mona Agarwal, Sandeep Kumar, Deepthi Jeevanji, Sachin Khilari and Praveen Kumar were particularly notable because of the records or titles associated with their performances.Preparation tip: Award-based questions often ask for the recipient, the award's purpose, the field of achievement and the year. Revise these together.8. Important Days: October 18–24, 2026The following dates are particularly useful for competitive examinations.October 18 — International Current AffairsRevise major national and international developments reported on this date, particularly public health, environmental conservation, space technology and defence.October 19 — International Current AffairsImportant developments included the opening stages of the Asian Para Games and related international sports coverage.October 20 — International Day of the Air Traffic ControllerInternational Day of the Air Traffic Controller is observed on 20 October to recognise the work of air traffic controllers and their contribution to aviation safety.The date is also associated with the establishment of the International Federation of Air Traffic Controllers' Associations in 1961.October 21 — Police Commemoration Day in IndiaPolice Commemoration Day is observed on 21 October in memory of ten police personnel killed in an encounter with Chinese troops at Hot Springs in Ladakh in 1959.The day recognises the sacrifices made by police personnel in the line of duty.October 22 — International Current AffairsRevise developments in science, technology, public administration and international relations reported on this date.October 23 — International Current AffairsThe date featured developments in inland water transport, international relations and the economy.October 24 — United Nations DayUnited Nations Day is observed every year on 24 October.The United Nations Charter entered into force on 24 October 1945.The UN was established in 1945.Its headquarters is in New York City, United States.Its principal purposes include maintaining international peace and security, promoting international cooperation and protecting human rights.October 24 — World Polio DayWorld Polio Day is observed on 24 October to raise awareness about poliomyelitis and efforts to eradicate the disease worldwide.The date is associated with the birth anniversary of Jonas Salk, who led the development of one of the first successful polio vaccines.Important examination facts:United Nations Day: 24 October.World Polio Day: 24 October.Police Commemoration Day: 21 October.International Day of the Air Traffic Controller: 20 October.9. Government Schemes and InitiativesFinancial Inclusion Saturation CampaignImplementing department: Department of Financial Services.Campaign period: 21 October–31 December 2026.Coverage: Approximately 2.70 lakh Gram Panchayats and urban local bodies.Major focus: Banking access, insurance enrolment, pensions, re-KYC, nominations and awareness of unclaimed financial assets.Relevant schemes: PMJDY, PMJJBY, PMSBY and APY.National Social Assistance ProgrammeContinuation period: 2026–27 to 2030–31.Total outlay: ₹53,428 crore.Purpose: Social assistance for eligible vulnerable populations.Key beneficiaries: Eligible elderly people, widows and persons with disabilities under the applicable components.Deepam 2.0 — Andhra PradeshState: Andhra Pradesh.Benefit: Three free LPG cylinders annually for eligible beneficiaries.Purpose: Household energy support and relief from cooking-fuel expenses.Research, Development and Innovation FundAnnounced funding framework: ₹1 lakh crore.Purpose: Support research, development, innovation and the commercialisation of new technologies.Important sectors: Advanced manufacturing, biotechnology, quantum technology, medical technology and artificial intelligence.Green Hydrogen DevelopmentLarge-scale investment proposals and infrastructure agreements highlighted the government's focus on green hydrogen and green ammonia.The proposed Pudimadaka project in Andhra Pradesh is associated with renewable energy and clean industrial fuels.Critical Minerals AuctionNumber of mineral blocks reported: 21.Purpose: Strengthen domestic mineral availability and reduce vulnerabilities in strategic supply chains.Relevant sectors: Electric vehicles, batteries, electronics, renewable energy and advanced manufacturing.10. Reports, Rankings and IndicesThe following reports and economic indicators are relevant to general awareness and examination preparation.Index of Core Industries: Growth of 7.9% in September 2026, compared with 5.9% in August.Foreign exchange reserves: US$721.016 billion for the week ended 16 October 2026.Foreign currency assets: Approximately US$591.847 billion for the same reporting week.Global economic outlook: The IMF's October 2026 World Economic Outlook was titled Resilience Under Strain, Urgent Choices.Trade and Development Report: The 2026 edition was titled The Geoeconomics of Development.Living Planet Report: The 2026 edition was titled The Science of Hope.Panchayat Devolution Index: The 2026 index assessed decentralisation and the functioning of Panchayati Raj Institutions.Global Hunger Index: The 2026 edition was an important development in international discussions on hunger and nutrition.India's space economy: Growth prospects for commercial space services, satellite infrastructure and launch services remained an important policy topic.Note for aspirants: Rankings and index positions should be recorded only after checking the final published report. Rankings can be misquoted in secondary summaries, so avoid memorising unverified figures.11. Important One-Liners for Competitive ExaminationsThe following revision points condense several of the week's major developments into quick facts.India–New Zealand FTA: Came into force on 20 October 2026.Financial Inclusion Saturation Campaign: Runs from 21 October to 31 December 2026.Financial inclusion campaign coverage: Approximately 2.70 lakh Gram Panchayats and urban local bodies.National Social Assistance Programme: Continued for five years, from 2026–27 to 2030–31.NSAP outlay: ₹53,428 crore.Railway employees' bonus: 78-day Productivity-Linked Bonus.Railway bonus allocation: Approximately ₹2,009.61 crore.Index of Core Industries: Grew 7.9% in September 2026.India's foreign exchange reserves: US$721.016 billion for the week ended 16 October 2026.RBI's SGB early-redemption price: ₹14,614 per unit for the 2020–21 Series VII.India's Asian Para Games position: Fourth.India's Asian Para Games medal tally: 114 medals.Asian Para Games gold medals for India: 30.Asian Para Games silver medals for India: 35.Asian Para Games bronze medals for India: 49.Next Asian Para Games: Doha, Qatar, in 2030.Asian Para Games 2026 host: Aichi–Nagoya, Japan.SIMBEX 2026: India–Singapore naval exercise.AUSTRAHIND 2026: India–Australia military exercise.Exercise Garuda: India–France air exercise.DRDO technology: Solid Fuel Ducted Ramjet propulsion.ISRO mission: Gaganyaan.India's Data Relay Satellite System: IDRSS.United Nations Day: 24 October.World Polio Day: 24 October.Police Commemoration Day: 21 October.International Day of the Air Traffic Controller: 20 October.Deepam 2.0: Andhra Pradesh scheme providing three free LPG cylinders annually to eligible beneficiaries.Andhra Pradesh OSAT facility: Proposed investment of ₹3,400 crore.Polavaram Project: Revised cost estimate of approximately ₹1,05,472 crore.CII Partnership Summit 2026: Held in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh.Pudimadaka green hydrogen project: Announced investment of approximately ₹65,000 crore.National Waterway-4: Modernisation of the Muktyala–Vijayawada stretch.Critical mineral auctions: 21 blocks reported in the new tranche.RDI funding framework: ₹1 lakh crore.Living Planet Report 2026: The Science of Hope.IMF World Economic Outlook 2026: Resilience Under Strain, Urgent Choices.Trade and Development Report 2026: The Geoeconomics of Development.Denmark Open 2026 men's singles: Alex Lanier.Denmark Open 2026 women's singles: An Se-young.Young Wildlife Photographer of the Year 2026: Oscar Whitfield.Lalit Kala Akademi: Associated with visual arts and the National Exhibition of Art.Unified Lending Interface: Digital infrastructure for more efficient credit delivery.PMJJBY: Life insurance.PMSBY: Accident insurance.APY: Pension scheme.PMJDY: Financial inclusion and basic banking access.KCC: Credit support for eligible farmers.India's Gaganyaan programme: Human spaceflight.India's clean-energy focus: Green hydrogen, renewable energy and sustainable infrastructure.12. Final Revision Strategy for SSC, Banking, Railway and UPSCFor maximum benefit from this weekly compilation, revise the topics in the following order:For Banking examinationsRBI regulations and digital lending.Sovereign Gold Bonds and banking-sector developments.Financial inclusion schemes.Foreign exchange reserves and the Index of Core Industries.Important economic reports and financial figures.For SSC and Railway examinationsImportant days and their dates.Sports winners and medal tallies.Defence exercises and participating countries.Government schemes and their objectives.Science and technology developments.State capitals, projects and infrastructure investments.For UPSC examinationsIndia's international relations and trade agreements.Economic indicators and financial-sector reforms.Constitutional and judicial developments.Climate policy, biodiversity and clean energy.Defence technology and strategic infrastructure.Public health, governance and social-sector schemes.Important Editorial NoteThis compilation covers major reported developments during 18–24 October 2026, but it should not be treated as an exhaustive or independently verified record of every event worldwide. Some announcements may be preliminary, and a few financial, sporting and policy details may require confirmation against final official releases. For publication as a definitive current-affairs reference, verify time-sensitive figures, appointments, award winners and government notifications before posting.For aspirants, the most valuable approach is to combine these weekly points with daily current affairs, monthly revision and practice questions. Focus especially on names, dates, figures, places, schemes, full forms and the purpose of each initiative.

Jayakrishnan EduTips Daily Digest (25 October 2026)1) NationalPM Modi Visits Varanasi & Bhubaneswar: Prime Minister Narendra Modi is visiting Uttar Pradesh and Odisha on 25 October 2026 to inaugurate Arvind Limited's women-led garment manufacturing facility in Varanasi, witness the Air Force Day Aerial Display-2026 (commemorating the 94th anniversary of the Indian Air Force under the theme "Wings over Ganges" at Namo Ghat, Varanasi, featuring Tejas, LCH Prachand, SU-30MKI, Rafale, Surya Kiran, and Sarang teams), and inaugurate the Reserve Bank of India's Tier-IV Data Centre and Cybersecurity Training Institute in Bhubaneswar, Odisha.Air Marshal Ashutosh Dixit Appointed 29th Chief of the Air Staff: The Government of India appointed Vice Chief of the Air Staff Air Marshal Ashutosh Dixit (an Experimental Test Pilot commissioned on 6 December 1986 with 3,500+ flying hours and recipient of the PVSM, AVSM, VM, and VSM) as the 29th Chief of the Air Staff, scheduled to assume charge on 31 October 2026 upon the retirement of Air Chief Marshal Amar Preet Singh.Indian Army's New Land Warfare Doctrine Released: Defence Minister Rajnath Singh released the Indian Army's new Land Warfare Doctrine during the Army Commanders' Conference in New Delhi, outlining strategic operational readiness, jointness, and force modernisation for future land conflicts.President Releases Rs 200 Coin for Mata Hasi Devi Ji: President Droupadi Murmu unveiled a Rs 200 commemorative coin (issued by the Ministry of Finance) in Raipur, Chhattisgarh, marking the 200th birth anniversary (bicentenary) of revered saint Mata Hasi Devi Ji of Shadani Darbar.Dr. L. Murugan Resigns as Union MoS and Rajya Sabha MP: Dr. L. Murugan (who previously served as Vice-Chairperson of the National Commission for Scheduled Castes from 2017 to 2020) resigned as Minister of State in the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting and as a Rajya Sabha Member from Madhya Pradesh, with the Election Commission of India (ECI) scheduling the by-election for the vacant seat on 12 November 2026.16 New Indigenous Livestock and Dog Breeds Registered: On the recommendation of the Breed Registration Committee of ICAR–National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources (NBAGR), Karnal, the Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE) (Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare) notified 16 newly recognised indigenous animal breeds across 13 States and 1 Union Territory, including Periyar (Periyar Kullan dwarf cattle, Kerala), Koppal cattle (Karnataka), Mahakaushali cattle (Madhya Pradesh), Umarda cattle (Maharashtra), Kashmiri Horse/Pony (Jammu & Kashmir), Braj Donkey (Uttar Pradesh), Nagal Pig (Nagaland), Sikkimese Yak (Sikkim), and Kombai Dog (Tamil Nadu).Tripartite MoU for Tribal Youth Entrepreneurship in Odisha: The National Scheduled Tribes Finance and Development Corporation (NSTFDC), National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC), and SAIL–Rourkela Steel Plant signed a tripartite Memorandum of Understanding to promote skill development and entrepreneurship among tribal youth in Odisha.ASI to Restore Headless Vishnu Idol at Khajuraho's Javari Temple: The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) announced plans to restore the medieval sandstone idol of Lord Vishnu at the Chandela-era Javari Temple in Khajuraho, Madhya Pradesh (a UNESCO World Heritage Site), by re-attaching its long-lost head recovered from an ASI repository.Fisheries Investors & Exporters Conclave Releases MP Guidelines: At the Fisheries Investors & Exporters Conclave, the Madhya Pradesh Fisheries Investment and Export Guidelines, 2026 and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) on the export potential of inland states were launched alongside the virtual inauguration of Integrated Cage Culture Units.2nd Edition of 8-Day Shilp Samagam Mela Underway in Guwahati: The 8-day Shilp Samagam Mela 2026 is being organised by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment in Guwahati, Assam, to provide market linkages to apex corporation beneficiaries and artisans.2) InternationalAnca-Maria Verma Appointed UN IIMSAM Ambassador-at-Large for India: Managing Trustee of the Shrikant Verma Trust, Anca-Maria Verma, was appointed as Ambassador-at-Large for India by the Inter-Governmental Institution for the Use of Micro-Algae Spirulina Against Malnutrition (IIMSAM) (an intergovernmental observer to the UN Economic and Social Council) for a five-year term from 20 October 2026 to 19 October 2031.India Sponsors UNGA First Committee Resolution Against WMD Terrorism: At the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) First Committee, India called for stricter global export controls to prevent non-state actors and terrorists from acquiring Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMDs), continuing its annual sponsorship since 2002 and highlighting domestic safeguards under Section 12A of the Weapons of Mass Destruction Act, 2005 (amended in 2022).UNEP Emissions Gap Report 2026 Calls for 45% Cuts by 2035: In its 'Emissions Gap Report 2026: The Point of Return', the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) highlighted that global greenhouse gas emissions must fall by 45% by 2035 to keep the lowest 1.5°C overshoot pathway viable (peaking at 1.7–1.8°C before returning to 1.5°C by 2100), while noting India's per-capita emissions stand at 3.1 tonnes against the global average of 6.4 tonnes.Shamonda Virus Spreads Across Mainland Europe: Veterinary health authorities tracked the expansion of the Shamonda virus—a vector-borne Orthobunyavirus (Simbu serogroup) closely related to the Schmallenberg virus causing fever, reduced milk yield, and congenital foetal deformities in ruminants—across more than a dozen European countries including France, Germany, Spain, and Ireland.LA 2028 Olympics Cricket Qualifiers & 2029 WTC Final Dates: International cricket authorities scheduled the Los Angeles 2028 Olympics cricket qualifiers for January–February 2028, and fixed the World Test Championship (WTC) Final to begin on 8 June 2029.3) Economy30th Meeting of Financial Stability and Development Council (FSDC): Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman chaired the 30th Meeting of the Financial Stability and Development Council (FSDC) in New Delhi to review macroeconomic resilience, inter-regulatory coordination, cyber-security readiness in the financial sector, and global financial stability risks.PM Inaugurates RBI's Tier-IV Data Centre in Bhubaneswar: The newly established Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Data Centre and Cybersecurity Training Institute in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, features four data centres certified to the Uptime Institute Tier-IV standard (among the largest Tier-IV BFSI facilities globally) to host mission-critical Payment and Settlement Systems and train personnel in Quantum Computing and Artificial Intelligence.BSE and MMTC-PAMP Sign Pact to Boost Electronic Gold Receipts (EGRs): Asia's oldest stock exchange, BSE Limited (established in 1875, Mumbai; the first exchange in India to launch trading in SEBI-regulated Electronic Gold Receipts in 100 mg, 1 g, and 10 g denominations of 999 and 995 fineness), signed an agreement with precious metals refiner MMTC-PAMP to deepen liquidity and transparency in India's EGR market.IICA Signs 5-Year MoU with Association of ARCs in India: The Indian Institute of Corporate Affairs (IICA) (under the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, represented by CEO Amrinder Puri) signed a five-year MoU with the Association of Asset Reconstruction Companies (ARCs) in India (represented by CEO Hari Hara Mishra) for academic-industry linkages and proposed a joint conference in February 2027 marking 10 years of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) and 25 years of the SARFAESI Act, 2002.4) Date’s Importance (25 October)International Artists Day (25 October): Celebrated annually across the globe on 25 October (founded in 2004 by Canadian artist Chris MacClure) to honour visual and performing artists and commemorate the birth anniversary of Spanish painter and Cubism co-founder Pablo Picasso (born 25 October 1881 in Málaga, Spain).World Opera Day (25 October): Observed annually on 25 October (jointly established in 2019 by Opera America, Opera Europa, and Ópera Latinoamérica and supported by UNESCO's International Theatre Institute) to celebrate the cultural value of opera, falling on the birth anniversary of renowned opera composers Georges Bizet (Carmen) and Johann Strauss II (Die Fledermaus) (25 October 1838 and 25 October 1825).International Dwarfism Awareness Day (25 October): Observed globally on 25 October to raise medical and social awareness about achondroplasia (the most common form of skeletal dysplasia/dwarfism), commemorating the birth anniversary of American actor and Little People of America founder Billy Barty (born 25 October 1924).World Pasta Day (25 October): Celebrated annually on 25 October since 1998 (instituted by the International Pasta Organisation commemorating the 1st World Pasta Congress held in Rome on 25 October 1995).Start of India's First General Elections (25 October 1951): Marks a landmark in Indian constitutional history when polling for independent India's first-ever Lok Sabha General Elections (conducted between 25 October 1951 and 21 February 1952 under India's 1st Chief Election Commissioner Sukumar Sen) began on 25 October 1951 in Chini tehsil (now Kinnaur district) of Himachal Pradesh, where schoolteacher Shyam Saran Negi cast the first vote.Key Historical Milestones on 25 October: King Henry V of England defeated French forces at the Battle of Agincourt on 25 October 1415 during the Hundred Years' War; the famous Charge of the Light Brigade took place at the Battle of Balaclava during the Crimean War on 25 October 1854; the UN General Assembly adopted Resolution 2758 on 25 October 1971, recognising the People's Republic of China (PRC) as China's legitimate representative to the UN; birth anniversary of British historian and politician Lord Thomas Babington Macaulay (25 October 1800, author of Macaulay's Minute on Indian Education, 1835 and drafter of the Indian Penal Code) and Carnatic vocal legend Maharajapuram Viswanatha Iyer (Death Anniversary / Heritage remembrance).5) Person of the DayPankaj Arjan Advani (29-Time World Billiards and Snooker Champion): 41-year-old legendary Indian cueist born on 24 July 1985 in Pune, Maharashtra (and raised in Bengaluru, Karnataka), nicknamed the "Golden Boy" and "Prince of India", who scripted sporting history by winning his 29th career World Title at the WBL World Billiards Championship in Great Wyrley, England, defeating England's Robert Hall by 1,906–1,206 in a five-hour final after recovering from a 300-point deficit (registering a highest break of 587).Unmatched Global Cue-Sports Record: Won his maiden IBSF World Snooker Championship in 2003 in China at age 18, and remains the only player in history to win world titles across all formats of both English Billiards (Time and Point formats) and Snooker (15-red standard and 6-red formats), as well as the only player to complete the 'Grand Slam' of Amateur Cue Sports (winning the National, Asian, and World titles across formats in a single calendar year in 2005 and 2008).Asian Games and Continental Dominance: Clinched back-to-back Gold medals in English Billiards Singles at the 2006 Doha Asian Games and the 2010 Guangzhou Asian Games, alongside winning multiple Asian Billiards and 6-Red Snooker Championships.National Civilian and Sporting Honours: Conferred the Arjuna Award (2004), India's highest sporting honour the Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award (2006) (becoming one of the youngest recipients at age 21), the Padma Shri (2009), and the Padma Bhushan (2018) by the Government of India.6) SportsNihal Sarin and Koneru Humpy Win Individual Golds at European Chess Club Cup 2026: Indian Grandmasters Nihal Sarin and Koneru Humpy clinched individual board Gold medals at the European Chess Club Cup 2026 held in Budva, Montenegro (17–23 October 2026).Mona Agarwal and Nishad Kumar Lead India at Asian Para Games Closing Ceremony: Two-time Gold medallists Mona Agarwal (Para-Shooting, who set a World Record of 357.5 points in Women's 50m Rifle 3 Positions SH1) and Nishad Kumar (Para-Athletics) served as India's official Flag Bearers at the Closing Ceremony of the 5th Asian Para Games 2026 in Aichi-Nagoya, Japan on 24 October 2026, where India finished 4th overall with a record 114 medals (30 Gold, 35 Silver, and 49 Bronze)—including 65 medals from Para-Athletics—achieved by a 168-athlete contingent.7) AwardsPankaj Advani Crowned 2026 WBL World Billiards Champion: Padma Bhushan awardee Pankaj Advani lifted the 2026 WBL World Billiards Championship trophy in Great Wyrley, England, taking his all-time world championship tally to 29 titles.8) Other Important SignificanceSDAL Delivers Anti-Tank 'Nagastra 2' Loitering Munition to Indian Army: Nagpur-based Solar Defence and Aerospace Limited (SDAL) delivered the indigenous man-portable anti-tank "Kamikaze / suicide" UAV 'Nagastra 2 Loitering Munition System'—featuring a fire-and-forget operating range of 50 km—to the Indian Army.ISRO Advances NVS-03 NavIC Satellite Launch Preparations: The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) advanced pre-launch integration for its next-generation navigation satellite NVS-03 to augment India's regional Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) constellation.Severe 'PHP2Shell' Cybersecurity Vulnerabilities Flagged: Cybersecurity agencies issued alerts on 'PHP2Shell', a pair of critical unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) and Stale Global State memory vulnerabilities (CVE-2026-109618 and CVE-2026-109619) discovered in the core PHP runtime engine.Obituary – Veteran Hollywood Actor Tom Skerritt Passes Away at 93: Emmy Award-winning American actor Tom Skerritt, renowned for his roles in Alien (1979), Top Gun (1986), A River Runs Through It (1992), and the television series Picket Fences, passed away at the age of 93.